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CROCUS aims to address socio-economic challenges faced by rural and remote areas through the promotion of cultural and creative tourism.

Rural and remote areas are rich in cultural heritage, yet many suffer from socio-economic issues such as an ageing population, out-migration, and low incomes. Cultural and creative tourism has the potential to alleviate these challenges by creating sustainable jobs and investment opportunities.

Challenges

Cultural and creative tourism activities need to be tailored to the specific challenges faced by local areas, business models must be place-specific and benefit local communities, and policies at different scales should facilitate cooperation within and between rural and remote areas.

This requires new knowledge about three things:

1

Place-Specific Business Models: Different types of cultural heritage and community needs require tailored business models.

2

Balanced and Sustainable Tourism Development: Tourism growth must be managed to ensure it is sustainable and benefits local communities.

3

Supportive Policies: Policies at different scales should facilitate cooperation between rural and remote areas.

Mission

CROCUS aims to tackle these challenges by:

Generating knowledge about suitable cultural and creative tourism business models for different types of heritage and rural areas.

Establishing eight cross-border living labs to prototype sustainable cultural and creative tourism business models.

Developing macro-regional and cross-border policy scenarios for four EU macro-regions.

Synthesizing knowledge and experience to create tools and resources for rural and remote areas across Europe.

Design and collaboration

The project features a multi-scalar research design, innovative cross-border living labs, and participatory processes for sustainable business model prototyping. The consortium includes leading scholars and practitioners with extensive experience in cross-border tourism development, stakeholder engagement, and policy analysis.

 

Crocus is the first systematic exploration of the potential of cross-border cooperation around cultural and tourism in European rural and remote areas.

CROCUS is coordinated by Aalborg University and involves partners from across Europe:

  • Denmark (Aalborg University, Group NAO),
  • Italy (University of Bergamo),
  • The Netherlands (Association for Tourism and Leisure Education),
  • Slovenia (University of Maribor),
  • Finland (University of Oulu),
  • Bulgaria (Zangandor Research Institute),
  • Croatia (University of Rijeka),
  • Estonia (Tallinn University),
  • Hungary (University of Pannonia).


Together the CROCUS consortium cover the four EU macro-regions, from the Baltic in the north, via the Alps and the Danube, to the Ionic and Adriatic in the south.

Crocus Blog

The ATLAS 2025 track on Cultural and Creative Tourism explored how creativity can foster sustainability and inclusion. The CROCUS project highlighted new models and practices to valorize intangible heritage and support local development.
The CROCUS project shows that in Zala (Hungary) and Pomurske (Slovenia), tourism is seen as both an economic and cultural opportunity and an environmental and infrastructural challenge, with strong support for sustainable, shared development.
The CROCUS project at Expo Osaka 2025 showcased rural and cultural tourism—exemplified by Alpine cheese heritage—as a sustainable response to overtourism, promoting authenticity, community resilience, and balanced visitor flows.
The CROCUS project’s first policy brief for DG RTD offers key recommendations to foster sustainable cultural and creative tourism in Europe’s rural areas, focusing on intangible heritage, tailored business models, and coordinated EU policies.
Crocus embraces the “curatorial turn” in tourism—offering authentic, locally curated experiences like 100% Valposchiavo, focusing on culture, community, and sustainability.
Cheese tourism is a key driver for rural revitalization in the Alpine region. Explore how initiatives like Austria’s KäseStrasse Bregenzerwald boost local economies, preserve traditions, and attract visitors through culinary experiences.

Cross-border Living Labs

  • Slovenia and Italy
  • UNIVERZA V MARIBORU
  • Hungary - Slovenia
  • UNIVERSITY OF PANNONIA
  • Finland and Sweden
  • UNIVERSITY OF OULU
  • Italy and Switzerland
  • UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI BERGAMO
  • Denmark and Germany
  • AALBORG UNIVERSITET
  • Estonia and Latvia
  • TALLINN UNIVERSITY
  • Croatia & Slovenia
  • UNIVERSITY OF RIJEKA
  • Bulgaria
  • IZSLEDOVATELSKI INSTITUT V ZANGADOR